Abstract
The genus Hypnea has been known in New Zealand for a long time but identification to species level has been difficult as only fragmentary and sterile material has been available for study and thus the genus has remained poorly known. Recently large amounts of Hypnea were collected in northern New Zealand enabling DNA sequencing and the presence of two species was confirmed: Hypnea flexicaulis which represents a new record for New Zealand, and Hypnea cornuta which was previously known from fragmentary material. Both of these species are regarded as introduced in other regions of the world. The new species described in this paper as Calliblepharis psammophilus was identified in the field as a species of Hypnea but morphological observations and molecular data confirmed it does not belong to this genus. It is characterized by caespitose thalli with irregularly branched terete axes and with tapering or curved tips, the axial cell enclosed by 5–7 pericentral cells, cortical cells packed tightly and not forming “rosettes” in surface view. The gonimoblast filaments originate from a fusion cell and develop outwardly in chains. This species is currently known from a single location in the North Island (south eastern coast), New Zealand.
About the authors
Roberta D’Archino is a marine biologist working at NIWA (National Institute Water and Atmospheric Research) in Wellington. Originally she came from Italy where she completed her studies including her PhD in Phycology. In New Zealand she has been working on the taxonomy of foliose red algae, e.g. Kallymeniaceae, Halymeniaceae and described several new taxa. She has also been involved in Biosecurity Marine Survey to detect introduced species. Her research involves scientific diving and collection, anatomical and morphological investigations, algal cultures and molecular biology.
Wendy Nelson specialises in marine phycology, particularly the biosystematics of macroalgae of New Zealand, with research on floristics, evolution and phylogeny, as well as ecology, and life history studies. Recently she has worked on the systematics and biology of red algae including corallines, distribution and diversity of seaweeds in harbours and soft sediment habitats, and seaweeds of the Ross Sea and Balleny Islands. Wendy leads NIWA’s biosystematic research team, and holds a joint appointment as a Professor at the University of Auckland in the School of Biological Sciences.
Mi Yeon Yang is a PhD student at Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea. She was awarded a MSc in Molecular Phylogeny for her work on the molecular phylogeny and DNA barcoding of the Gracilariaceae (Marine Algal Laboratory, Jeju National University). For her PhD research, Ms. Yang is working on the red algal order Gigartinales from Korea.
Myung Sook Kim is a Professor of Biology at Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea. She was awarded a PhD in Algal Systematics by the Seoul National University, Korea for her work on the taxonomic revision of Polysiphonia. She has studied systematics in Rhodophyta for over 15 years, especially in the family Rhodomelaceae. Her more recent research has concentrated on establishing a DNA barcode database for Korean seaweeds to identify species and genus correctly.
Acknowledgments
The authors (RD and WN) are thankful for support provided by the Marine Invasives Taxonomic Service (under contract to the New Zealand Ministry for Primary Industries, contract SOW17554), and from Core Funding from the Coasts & Oceans National Centre Programme 2, Biological Resources. This research was funded by MBIE project CO1X0907 “Coastal Conservation Management” program. The authors gratefully acknowledge the institutional and technical support received while working on this project from the Leigh Marine Laboratory, including the use of Hawere, and field support staff.
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