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Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

Published in Association with the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM)

Editor-in-Chief: Plebani, Mario

Ed. by Gillery, Philippe / Lackner, Karl J. / Lippi, Giuseppe / Melichar, Bohuslav / Payne, Deborah A. / Schlattmann, Peter / Tate, Jillian R.

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Volume 54, Issue 1

Issues

Correlates of serum hepcidin levels and its association with cardiovascular disease in an elderly general population

Raimund Pechlaner / Stefan Kiechl / Manuel Mayr / Peter Santer / Siegfried Weger / David Haschka / Sukhvinder S. Bansal / Johann Willeit / Günter Weiss
Published Online: 2015-06-27 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2015-0068

Abstract

Background: The expression of the key iron regulatory hormone hepcidin is regulated by iron availability, inflammation, hormones, hypoxia, and anaemia. Increased serum concentrations of hepcidin have recently been linked to atherosclerosis. We studied demographic, haematologic, biochemical, and dietary correlates of serum hepcidin levels and its associations with incident cardiovascular disease and with carotid atherosclerosis.

Methods: Serum hepcidin concentrations were measured by tandem mass spectrometry in samples taken in 2000 from 675 infection-free participants of the prospective population-based Bruneck study (age, mean±standard deviation, 66.0±10.2; 48.1% male). Blood parameters were measured by standard methods. Dietary intakes of iron and alcohol were surveyed with a food frequency questionnaire. Carotid atherosclerosis (365 cases) was assessed by ultrasound and subjects were observed for incident stroke, myocardial infarction, or sudden cardiac death (91 events) until 2010.

Results: Median (interquartile range) hepcidin levels were 2.27 nM (0.86, 4.15). Most hepcidin correlates were in line with hepcidin as an indicator of iron stores. Independently of ferritin, hepcidin was related directly to physical activity (p=0.024) and fibrinogen (p<0.0001), and inversely to alcohol intake (p=0.006), haemoglobin (p=0.027), and γ-glutamyltransferase (p<0.0001). Hepcidin and hepcidin-to-ferritin ratio were not associated with prevalent carotid atherosclerosis (p=0.43 and p=0.79) or with incident cardiovascular disease (p=0.62 and p=0.33).

Conclusions: In this random sample of the general community, fibrinogen and γ-glutamyltransferase were the most significant hepcidin correlates independent of iron stores, and hepcidin was related to neither atherosclerosis nor cardiovascular disease.

This article offers supplementary material which is provided at the end of the article.

Keywords: atherosclerosis; biomarkers; cardiovascular disease; hepcidin; iron metabolism

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About the article

Corresponding author: Günter Weiss, Department of Internal Medicine VI, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Anichstraβe 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Phone: +43 512 504 23251, Fax: +43 512 504 23317, E-mail:


Received: 2015-01-20

Accepted: 2015-03-19

Published Online: 2015-06-27

Published in Print: 2016-01-01


Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

Research funding: Financial support by the Austrian Research Fund project TRP-188 (to G.W., S.K. and J.W.) is gratefully acknowledged. M.M. is a Senior Research Fellow of the British Heart Foundation. The study was supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London in partnership with King’s College Hospital.

Employment or leadership: None declared.

Honorarium: None declared.

Competing interests: The funding organisation(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.


Citation Information: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), Volume 54, Issue 1, Pages 151–161, ISSN (Online) 1437-4331, ISSN (Print) 1434-6621, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2015-0068.

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