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Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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Volume 13, Issue 1

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Acidification induces Bax translocation to the mitochondria and promotes ultraviolet light-induced apoptosis

Lin Yang
  • Research Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
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 / Yongyu Mei
  • Research Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
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 / Qifeng Xie
  • Research Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
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 / Xiaoyan Han
  • Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
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 / Fucheng Zhang
  • Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
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 / Lin Gu
  • Research Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
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 / Yufeng Zhang
  • Research Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
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 / Youming Chen
  • Research Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
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 / Gang Li
  • Research Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
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 / Zhiliang Gao
  • Research Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
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Published Online: 2007-10-29 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/s11658-007-0042-x

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Abstract

It has been suggested that Bax translocation to the mitochondria is related to apoptosis, and that cytosol acidification contributes to apoptosis events. However, the mechanisms remain obscure. We investigated the effect of acidification on Bax translocation and on ultraviolet (UV) light-induced apoptosis. The Bax translocation assay in vitro showed that Bax translocated to the mitochondria at pH 6.5, whereas no Bax translocation was observed at pH 7.4. VHDBB cells expressing the GFP-Bax fusion protein were treated for 12 h with a pH 6.5 DMEM medium, nigericin (5 μg/ml) and UV light (50 J/cm2), separately or in combination, and Bax translocation to the mitochondria was determined by SDS-PAGE and Western blot, and apoptotic cell death was detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that some of the Bax translocated to the mitochondria in the cells treated with the normal medium, nigericin and UV in combination, whereas all of the Bax translocated to the mitochondria in the cells treated with the pH 6.5 medium, nigericin and UV in combination. In VHDBB cells treated for 12 h with nigericin, UV alone, and UV and nigericin in combination, the respective rates of apoptotic cell death were 25.08%, 33.25% and 52.88%. In cells treated with pH 6.5 medium and nigericin, pH 6.5 medium and UV, and pH 6.5 medium, nigericin and UV in combination, the respective rates of apoptotic cell death increased to 37.19%, 41.42% and 89.44%. Our results indicated that acidification induces Bax translocation from the cytosol to the mitochondria, and promotes UV lightmediated apoptosis. This suggests that there is a possibility of improving cancer treatment by combining acidification with irradiation or chemotherapeutic drugs.

Keywords: Acidification; Bax; Translocation; Ultraviolet light; Apoptosis; Cancer

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About the article

Published Online: 2007-10-29

Published in Print: 2008-03-01

Citation Information: Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters, Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 119–129, ISSN (Online) 1689-1392, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/s11658-007-0042-x.

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© 2007 University of Wrocław, Poland. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License. BY-NC-ND 3.0

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