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An intragenetic typology of Kwa serial verb constructions

  • Andrey Shluinsky EMAIL logo
From the journal Linguistic Typology

Abstract

This article presents the results of an intragenetic crosslinguistic study of serial verb constructions (SVCs) in Kwa. Based on a sample of 28 Kwa languages, the article examines the crucial morphosyntactic features of Kwa SVCs and the range of meanings of the two most common grammaticalized types of Kwa SVCs, ‘take’ and ‘give’ SVCs. The morphosyntactic features of SVCs considered include unity of subject, unity of TAM, unity of negation, and absence of an overt marker of a syntactic relation. The three types of ‘take’ SVCs – lative ‘take’ SVCs, instrumental ‘take’ SVCs, and objectal ‘take’ SVCs – are treated separately. Uses of different types of ‘take’ SVCs and of ‘give’ SVCs turn out to be subject to implicational cross-Kwa restrictions that are formulated via hierarchies or semantic maps. Significant crosslinguistic variation is discovered, and it is argued that sometimes the similarities between Kwa languages can be most naturally explained by independent development.

Acknowledgements

The research was conducted in terms of the project supported by the Russian Foundation for Humanities (Grant 15-34-01237). I express my sincere gratitude to the native speakers of Ewe, namely John Johnson Jnr., Erasmus Asimodo, Henri Kugbenya Komi Maunye, and especially Samson Dodzi Fenuku, with whom I worked exrensively in 2006–2007 and 2013–2016, to the native speakers of Akan, namely Samuel Asare and Osey Anvi, with whom I worked in 2006–2007, and to my Akebu consultants, especially Sena Sentabili and Yao Lolonyo Akossu, with whom I worked in the field in 2012, 2013, and 2016.

I am grateful to Denis Creissels, Tom Güldemann, Maria Konoshenko, Antonina I. Koval, Dasha Shavarina, Irina N. Toporova, and anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments related to previous versions of the article (including conference presentations).

Abbreviations

1/2/3

1st/2nd/3rd person

adj

adjectivizer

an

animate pronoun

cl

noun class marker

cons

consecutive

cont

continuative

cop

copula

def

definiteness marker

dem

demonstrative

fut

future

hab

habitual

imp

imperative

inan

inanimate pronoun

ipfv

imperfective

lnk

linker

neg

negation

nmlz

nominalization

o

object marker

pfv

perfective

pl

plural

poss

possessive marker

pot

potential

prf

perfect

prog

progressive

prosp

prospective

prs

present

pst

past

ptcl

particle

rel

relativizer

s

subject marker

sbjv

subjunctive

sg

singular

sub

dependent clause marker

top

topic marker.< indicates that the verb is morphologically reduced and synchronically no longer a full-fledged verb

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Received: 2016-6-3
Revised: 2017-3-13
Published Online: 2017-10-13
Published in Print: 2017-10-26

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