Office disciplinary referrals can be a useful index for assessing students discipline problems as well as designing and evaluating school discipline practices. In this paper, we examined disciplinary referral data compiled from an urban elementary school (majority African American) in a midwestern city over a 2-year period. Evident issues included the patterns of disciplinary referrals, the types of infractions and the administrative actions taken in response to the reported offenses, the characteristics of referred students relative to gender and ethnicity, and the effects of exclusionary discipline practices in the form of suspensions. Data for students who remained in the school for 2 years were also examined to further determine the possible impact of staff factors, in addition to students behaviors, on the disciplinary referrals. We discuss the potential impact of disciplinary referrals as applied in this school and the special implications for African American males.
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Multicultural Learning and Teaching
Editor-in-Chief: Obiakor, Festus / Algozzine, Robert
Managing Editor: Banks, Tachelle
- Online
- ISSN
- 2161-2412
Office Disciplinary Referrals in an Urban Elementary School
Ya-yu Lo / Gwendolyn Cartledge
Published Online: 2007-01-01 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.2202/2161-2412.1014
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Get Access to Full TextKeywords: Key Terms: Office referrals; discipline practices; urban schools; behavioral interventions
About the article
Published Online: 2007-01-01
Citation Information: Multicultural Learning and Teaching, Volume 2, Issue 1, ISSN (Online) 2161-2412, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2202/2161-2412.1014.
©2011 Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston.
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