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Multicultural Learning and Teaching

Editor-in-Chief: Obiakor, Festus / Algozzine, Robert

Managing Editor: Banks, Tachelle

Online
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2161-2412
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Office Disciplinary Referrals in an Urban Elementary School

Ya-yu Lo / Gwendolyn Cartledge
Published Online: 2007-01-01 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.2202/2161-2412.1014

Office disciplinary referrals can be a useful index for assessing students’ discipline problems as well as designing and evaluating school discipline practices. In this paper, we examined disciplinary referral data compiled from an urban elementary school (majority African American) in a midwestern city over a 2-year period. Evident issues included the patterns of disciplinary referrals, the types of infractions and the administrative actions taken in response to the reported offenses, the characteristics of referred students relative to gender and ethnicity, and the effects of exclusionary discipline practices in the form of suspensions. Data for students who remained in the school for 2 years were also examined to further determine the possible impact of staff factors, in addition to students’ behaviors, on the disciplinary referrals. We discuss the potential impact of disciplinary referrals as applied in this school and the special implications for African American males.

Keywords: Key Terms: Office referrals; discipline practices; urban schools; behavioral interventions

About the article

Published Online: 2007-01-01


Citation Information: Multicultural Learning and Teaching, Volume 2, Issue 1, ISSN (Online) 2161-2412, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2202/2161-2412.1014.

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[1]
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[2]
Gwendolyn Cartledge and Lefki Kourea
Exceptional Children, 2008, Volume 74, Number 3, Page 351
[3]
Denise K. Whitford, Antonis Katsiyannis, and Jennifer Counts
NASSP Bulletin, 2016, Volume 100, Number 2, Page 117
[4]
Ya-yu Lo, April L. Mustian, Alicia Brophy, and Richard B. White
Exceptionality, 2011, Volume 19, Number 3, Page 191

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