Jump to ContentJump to Main Navigation
Show Summary Details
More options …

Multicultural Learning and Teaching

Editor-in-Chief: Obiakor, Festus / Algozzine, Robert

Managing Editor: Banks, Tachelle

Online
ISSN
2161-2412
See all formats and pricing
More options …

Physical Education Undergraduate Students’ Colorblind Racial Ideology and Multicultural Teaching Competence

Joe W. Burden, Jr. / Samuel R. Hodge / Louis Harrison, Jr.
Published Online: 2014-02-01 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/mlt-2013-0001

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze links between racial ideology and multicultural teaching competencies as perceived by undergraduate students in physical education teacher education (PETE) programs. Data were collected from physical education students (N = 239) across five PETE programs in the Northeastern region of the United States via a demographic questionnaire and two survey scales: (a) the Colorblind Racial Attitudes Scale (CoBRAS; Neville et al., 2000, Construction and initial validation of the color-blind racial attitudes scale (CoBRAS). Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, 59–70) and (b) the Multicultural Teaching Competency Scale (MTCS; Spanierman et al., 2010, The multicultural teaching competencies scale (MTCS): Development and initial validation. Urban Education). Pearson product moment correlations indicated a significant negative association between scores on the MTCS’s skills dimension and participants’ colorblind racial attitudes. In addition, MANOVA results indicated significant differences in scores on the MTCS for participants at the different PETE programs in their level of perceived multicultural competence. We discuss implications of the findings and offer recommendations for teacher preparation.

Keywords: colorblind racial ideology; multicultural teaching competence; culturally relevant pedagogy

References

  • Agarwal, R., Epstein, S., Oppenheim, R., Oyler, C., & Sonu, D. (2010).From ideal to practice and back again: Beginning teachers teaching for social justice. Journal of Teacher Education, 61(3), 237–247.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Aldrich, J. (1995).Correlations genuine and spurious in Pearson and Yule. Statistical Science, 10(4), 364–376.Google Scholar

  • Apfelbaum, E. P., Pauker, K., Sommers, S. R., & Ambady, N. (2010).In pursuit of racial equality? Psychological Science, 21(11), 1587–1592.PubMedCrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Articles, A. J., & McClafferty, K. (1998).Learning to teach culturally diverse learners: Charting change in preservice teachers’ thinking about effective teaching. The Elementary School Journal, 98(3), 189–220.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Banks, J. A. (2001). Multicultural education: Historical development, dimensions and practice. In J. A.Banks & C. A. M.Banks (Eds.), Handbook of search on multicultural education (pp.3–24). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar

  • Baumgartner, T. A., & Hensley, L. D. (2006). Conducting and reading research in health and human performance (4th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw Hill.Google Scholar

  • Bobo, L., & Kluegel, J. R. (1997). Status, ideology, and dimensions of Whites racial beliefs and attitudes: Progress and stagnation. In S. A.Tuch & J. K.Martin (Eds.), Racial attitudes in the 1990’s: Continuity and change (pp.93–120). Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar

  • Burden, J. Jr. (2011).Exploring cross-racial contact: Implications for PETE pre-service teachers’ color-blind racial attitudes. Journal of Studies in Education, 1(1), 1–16.Google Scholar

  • Burden, J. Jr., Columna, L., Hodge, S. R., & Martinez de la Vega Mancilla, P. (2013).Ethnolinguistically relevant pedagogy: Empowering English language learners in physical education. Quest, 65, 169–185.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Burden, J. Jr., Hodge, S. R., & Harrison, L. Jr. (2012).Teacher educators’ views about social justice pedagogies in preparing teacher candidates. Journal of Curriculum and Teaching, 1(1), 6–21.Google Scholar

  • Burden, J. Jr., Hodge, S. R., O’Bryant, C. P., & Harrison, L. Jr. (2004).From colorblindness to intercultural sensitivity: Infusing diversity training in PETE programs. Quest, 56, 173–189.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Carter, R. T. (1995). The influence of race and racial identity in psychotherapy. New York, NY: Wiley.Google Scholar

  • Chubbuck, S. M. (2010).Individual and structural orientations in socially just teaching: Conceptualization, implementation, and collaborative effort. Journal of Teacher Education, 61(3), 197–210.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Cicchelli, T., & Cho, S. (2007).Teacher multicultural attitudes: Intern/teaching fellows in New York City. Education and Urban Society, 39(3), 370–381.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Cochran-Smith, M. (2003).Inquiry and Outcomes: Learning to Teach in an Age of Accountability. Teacher Education and Practice, 15(4), 12–34.Google Scholar

  • Cochran-Smith, M. (2003).Learning and unlearning: The education of teacher educators. Teaching and Teacher Education, 19, 5–28.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Cochran-Smith, M., & Lytle, S. L. (1999).Relationships of knowledge and practice: Teacher learning in communities. Review of Research in Education, 24, 249–305.Google Scholar

  • Cole, E., Case, K., Rios, D., & Curtin, N. (2011).Understanding what students bring to the classroom: moderators of the effects of diversity courses on student attitudes. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology, 17(4), 397–405. CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar

  • Columna, L., Foley, J. T., & Lytle, R. K. (2010).Physical education teachers’ and teacher candidates’ attitudes toward cultural pluralism. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 29, 295–311.Google Scholar

  • Culp, B. (2011).The strategic application and assessment of social justice in PETE programs: A primer. The Physical Educator, 68(3), 130–139.Google Scholar

  • Dedeoglu, H., & Lamme, L. (2010).Selected demographics, attitudes, and beliefs about diversity of preservice teachers. Education and Urban Society, 43(4), 468–485.Google Scholar

  • Diller, J. V., & Moule, J. (2005). Cultural competence: A primer for educators. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth.Google Scholar

  • Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (2000). How to design and evaluate research in education (4th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar

  • Gay, G. (2000). Culturally responsive teaching – Theory, research & practice. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.Google Scholar

  • Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1995). Multivariate data Analysis with readings (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar

  • Hamamura, T., Heine, S. J., & Paulus, D. L. (2008).Cultural differences in response styles: The role of dialectical thinking. Personality and Individual Differences, 44, 932–942.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Harrison, L. Jr., Carson, R. L., & Burden, J. Jr. (2010).Physical education teachers’ cultural competency. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 29, 184–198.Google Scholar

  • Herzog, S., & Bowman, N. (2011).Special issue: Validity and limitations of college student self-report data. New Directions for Institutional Research, 150, 1–120.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Hinojosa, M., & Moras, A. (2009).Challenging colorblind education: A descriptive analysis of teacher racial attitudes. Research and Practice in Social Sciences, 4(2), 27–45.Google Scholar

  • Hodge, S. R., & Faison-Hodge, J. (2010).Teacher preparation and conceptions of teacher learning in physical education. Chronicle of Kinesiology and Physical Education in Higher Education, 21(3), 8–19.Google Scholar

  • Hodge, S. R., Lieberman, L., & Murata, N. M. (2012). Essentials of teaching adapted physical education: Culture, diversity, and inclusion. Scottsdale, AZ: Holcomb Hathaway.Google Scholar

  • Ladson-Billings, G. (1992). Culturally relevant teaching: The key to making multicultural education work. In C. A.Grant (Ed.), Research and multicultural education (pp.106–121). London: Falmer Press.Google Scholar

  • Ladson-Billings, G. (1994). The dreamkeepers: Successful teachers of African American children. New York, NY: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar

  • Ladson-Billings, G. (1995).Toward a theory of culturally relevant pedagogy. American Educational Research Journal, 32(3), 465–491.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • McGrath, R. E., Mitchell, M., Kim, B. H., & Hough, L. (2010).Evidence for response bias as a source of error variance in applied assessment. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 450–470.PubMedCrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education. (1982). NCATE standards for the accreditation of teacher education. Washington, DC: Author.Google Scholar

  • Neville, H., Awad, G., Brooks, J., Flores, M., & Bluemel, J. (2013).Color-blind racial ideology: Theory, training, and measurement implications in psychology. The American Psychologist68(6), 455–466. CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar

  • Neville, H. A., Coleman, M. N., Falconer, J. W., & Holmes, D. (2005).The relations between color-blind racial ideology and psychological false consciousness among African Americans. Journal of Black Psychology, 31, 27–45.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Neville, H. A., Lilly, R. L., Duran, G., Lee, R., & Browne, L. (2000).Construction and initial validation of the color-blind racial attitudes scale (CoBRAS). Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, 59–70.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Neville, H., Spanierman, L., & Doan, B. (2006).Exploring the association between color-blind racial ideology and multicultural counseling competencies. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 12(2), 275–290.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Neville, H. A., Worthington, R. L., & Spanierman, L. B. (2001). Race, power, and multicultural counseling psychology: Understanding white privilege and color-blind racial attitudes. In J. G.Ponterotto, J. M.Casas, L. A.Suzuki, & C. M.Alexander (Eds.), Handbook of multicultural counseling (2nd ed., pp.257–288). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar

  • Nunnally, J. C., (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar

  • Pike, G. (2011).Using college students’ self-reported learning outcomes in scholarly research. New Directions for Institutional Research, 150, 41–58.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Pohan, C. A. (1996).Preservice teachers’ beliefs about diversity: Uncovering factors leading to multicultural responsiveness. Equity and Excellence in Education, 29(3), 62–69.Google Scholar

  • Poteat, V., & Spanierman, L. (2012).Modern racism attitudes among white students: The role of dominance and authoritarianism and the mediating effects of racial color-blindness. The Journal of Social Psychology, 152(6), 758–774.PubMedCrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Schultz, E. L., Neyhart, K., & Reck, U. M. (1996).Swimming against the tide: A study of prospective teachers’ attitudes regarding cultural diversity and urban teaching. Western Journal of Black Studies, 20(1), 1–7.Google Scholar

  • Sheets, R. H., & Hollins, E. R. (Eds.). (1999). Aspects of human development: Racial and ethnic identity in school practices. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar

  • Spalding, E., Klecka, C. L., Lin, E., Odell, S. J., & Wang, J. (2010).Social justice and teacher education: A hammer, a bell, and a song. Journal of Teacher Education, 61(3), 191–196.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Spanierman, L. B., & Heppner, M. J. (2004).Psychosocial costs of racism to whites scale (pcrw): construction and initial validation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51, 249–262.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Spanierman, L., Neville, H., Liao, H., Hammer, J., & Wang, Y. (2008).Participation in formal and informal campus diversity experiences: Effects on students’ racial democratic beliefs. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 1(2), 108–125.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Spanierman, L. B., Oh, E., Heppner, P. P., Neville, H. A., Mobley, M., Wright, V., et al. (2006, April).The multicultural teaching competencies scale (MTCS): Development and initial validation. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the American Education Research Association, San Francisco, CA.Google Scholar

  • Spanierman, L. B., Oh, E., Heppner, P. P., Neville, H. A., Mobley, M., Wright, C. V., … Navarro, R. (2010).The multicultural teaching competencies scale (MTCS): Development and initial validation. Urban Education. Advance online publication. CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Stanley, L. (1997).Preservice physical educator’s attitudes toward cultural pluralism: A preliminary analysis. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 16, 241–249.Google Scholar

  • Statistical Analysis System. (2003). SAS/STAT user’s guide. Version 8. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.Google Scholar

  • Stroot, S. A., & Whipple, C. E. (2003). Organizational socialization: Factors affecting beginning teachers. In S. J.Silverman & C. D.Ennis (Eds.), Student learning in physical education: Applying research to enhance instruction (2nd ed., pp.311–328). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.Google Scholar

  • Su, Z. (1997).Teaching as a profession and as a career: Minority candidates’ perspectives. Teaching and Teacher Education, 13, 325–340.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Thomas, J. R., Nelson, J. K., & Silverman, S. J. (2005). Research methods in physical activity (5th ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.Google Scholar

  • Timken, G. L., & Watson, D. (2010). Teaching all kids: Valuing students through culturally responsive and inclusive practice. In J.Lund & D.Tannehill (Eds.), Standard-based physical education curriculum development (2nd ed., pp.122–153). Sunbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett.Google Scholar

  • Todd, N., Spanierman, L., & Poteat, V. (2011).Longitudinal examination of the psychosocial costs of racism to Whites across the college experience. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58(4), 508–521. CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar

  • Townsend, B. (2002).Leave no teacher behind: A bold proposal for teacher education. Qualitative Studies in Education, 15(6), 727–738.Google Scholar

  • Villegas, A. M., & Lucas, T. (2002).Preparing culturally responsive teachers: Rethinking the curriculum. Journal of Teacher Education, 53, 20–32.CrossrefGoogle Scholar

  • Villegas, A. M., Strom, K., & Lucas, T. (2012).Closing the racial/ethnic gap between students of color and their teachers: An elusive goal. Equity and Excellence in Education, 45(2), 283–301.Google Scholar

About the article

Published Online: 2014-02-01

Published in Print: 2015-03-01


Citation Information: Multicultural Learning and Teaching, Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 55–75, ISSN (Online) 2161-2412, ISSN (Print) 2194-654X, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/mlt-2013-0001.

Export Citation

©2015 by De Gruyter.Get Permission

Comments (0)

Please log in or register to comment.
Log in