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Determination of the uncertainty of the measurements performed by coordinate measuring machines

Bestimmung der Unsicherheit der Messungen von Koordinatenmesssystemen
  • Marcin Krawczyk

    He was born in Cracow, where he finished studies and doctorate at the Mechanical Engineering Department of Cracow University of Technology. In 2000, he was on annual scholarship in Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt in Braunschweig – a leading European research center. He also participated in the European projects TRACESYS and Evigem. He is the main contractor of many research and development projects in the field of estimation uncertainty of coordinate measurements, and one of the main organizers of Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology as accredited Lab. Author of many publications in the field of assessing the accuracy of coordinate measuring machines and estimation of coordinate measurement uncertainty. He has developed and implemented a methods for estimating uncertainty in accredited laboratory.

    Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology, Cracow University of Technology, al. Jana Pawla II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland, Tel.: +48-12-3743216, Fax: +48-12-3743238

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    , Adam Gąska

    He was born in Cracow, where he finished studies at the Mechanical Engineering Department of Cracow University of Technology and studies at the Commodity Science Department of Cracow University of Economics. He was a participant in many research projects. Now he is a Head of the project, financed by the Polish National Center for Research and Development, regarding usage of Virtual CMM models in industrial conditions. His scientific interests include: coordinate measuring techniques, determination of coordinate measurements uncertainty, usage of Monte Carlo method in metrology, simulation of coordinate measurements, issues connected with mobile measuring systems like Articulated Arm CMMs or Laser Tracking systems.

    Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology, Cracow University of Technology, al. Jana Pawla II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland, Tel.: +48-12-3743230, Fax: +48-12-3743238

    and Jerzy Sładek

    He was born in Cracow, where he finished studies at the Mechanical Engineering Department of Cracow University of Technology. After studies he started to work there and developed interests in coordinate metrology that was barely known in Poland. He has created and organised the Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology. For many years he was a Head of this Laboratory and lead it to become an accredited calibration laboratory. He has promoted 8 doctors and was a reviewer in many doctoral and habilitation processes. He was involved in many international (EVIGEM, TRACESYS) and national projects (head of 9 projects). He specializes in accuracy assesment of measurements and measuring systems, especially in using the Virtual Models of CMMs to determine the uncertainty of measurement.

    Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology, Cracow University of Technology, al. Jana Pawla II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland, Tel.: +48-12-3743238, Fax: +48-12-3743238

From the journal tm - Technisches Messen

Abstract

Today many different systems are working in accordance with the idea of coordinate measuring techniques. It is possible to use the same measuring software with optical or contact coordinate systems as well as with a 3D scanners. This gives the opportunity to use different measuring systems for the same tasks. Consequently, it is possible to build faster and more efficient techniques for controlling the production. For example: a fast check of car body production with 3D scanner systems and once per shift accurate measurement of the same element with reference Coordinate Measuring Machines. The main purpose of measurements in industry is the assessment of the conformity or nonconformity of the production with the specification. The specification can be written in classical paper documentation or saved in CAD-file. Never-mind how specification is written or saved, the uncertainty of the measurement should be taken into consideration, according to the ISO 14253-1 guideline. In the case of a supplier – to his benefit, by extending the area of conformity and in the case of production control – by reducing the area of conformity. Evaluation of the coordinate measurement accuracy is very complicated task, especially elaborating of one method for all Coordinate Measuring Systems. Until now, majority of methods focus only on the Coordinate Measuring Machines. ISO 15530 family of standards can be noticed in this area, however, many problems still remain unsolved.

Zusammenfassung

Heutzutage arbeiten viele verschiedene Systeme auf der Grundlage von Koordinatenmessungen. Die gleiche Messsoftware kann mit optischen oder taktilen Messsystemen sowie mit 3D-Scannern verwendet werden. Dies erlaubt den Einsatz unterschiedlicher Messsysteme für die gleichen Aufgaben. Entsprechend lassen sich schnellere und effizientere Lösungen in der Produktion einsetzen. Als Beispiel sei die schnelle Prüfung der gesamten Karosserieproduktion mit 3D-Scannern und die hochgenaue Prüfung von Einzelteilen mit Koordinatenmessgeräten erwähnt. Ein Hauptziel industrieller Messverfahren ist die Konformitätsbewertung gefertigter Güter. Die Spezifikation kann dabei in Papierform oder als CAD-Datei vorliegen. Ungeachtet davon sollte gemäß der ISO 14253-1 die Messunsicherheit berücksichtigt werden. Lieferanten sollten dabei den Konformitätsbereich möglichst erweitern und in der Qualitätsprüfung sollte dieser reduziert werden. Die Bewertung der Genauigkeit von Koordinatenmessungen gestaltet sich als schwierig, inbesondere wenn verschiedene Messsysteme einheitlich betrachtet werden sollen. Bislang beschränken sich die meisten Methoden auf die Betrachtung von Koordinatenmessgeräten – exemplarisch sei an dieser Stelle die ISO-15530-Reihe genannt. Dennoch sind viele Probleme nach wie vor ungelöst.

Schlagwörter: KMG; Kalibrierung; Unsicherheit

About the authors

Marcin Krawczyk

He was born in Cracow, where he finished studies and doctorate at the Mechanical Engineering Department of Cracow University of Technology. In 2000, he was on annual scholarship in Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt in Braunschweig – a leading European research center. He also participated in the European projects TRACESYS and Evigem. He is the main contractor of many research and development projects in the field of estimation uncertainty of coordinate measurements, and one of the main organizers of Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology as accredited Lab. Author of many publications in the field of assessing the accuracy of coordinate measuring machines and estimation of coordinate measurement uncertainty. He has developed and implemented a methods for estimating uncertainty in accredited laboratory.

Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology, Cracow University of Technology, al. Jana Pawla II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland, Tel.: +48-12-3743216, Fax: +48-12-3743238

Adam Gąska

He was born in Cracow, where he finished studies at the Mechanical Engineering Department of Cracow University of Technology and studies at the Commodity Science Department of Cracow University of Economics. He was a participant in many research projects. Now he is a Head of the project, financed by the Polish National Center for Research and Development, regarding usage of Virtual CMM models in industrial conditions. His scientific interests include: coordinate measuring techniques, determination of coordinate measurements uncertainty, usage of Monte Carlo method in metrology, simulation of coordinate measurements, issues connected with mobile measuring systems like Articulated Arm CMMs or Laser Tracking systems.

Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology, Cracow University of Technology, al. Jana Pawla II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland, Tel.: +48-12-3743230, Fax: +48-12-3743238

Jerzy Sładek

He was born in Cracow, where he finished studies at the Mechanical Engineering Department of Cracow University of Technology. After studies he started to work there and developed interests in coordinate metrology that was barely known in Poland. He has created and organised the Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology. For many years he was a Head of this Laboratory and lead it to become an accredited calibration laboratory. He has promoted 8 doctors and was a reviewer in many doctoral and habilitation processes. He was involved in many international (EVIGEM, TRACESYS) and national projects (head of 9 projects). He specializes in accuracy assesment of measurements and measuring systems, especially in using the Virtual Models of CMMs to determine the uncertainty of measurement.

Laboratory of Coordinate Metrology, Cracow University of Technology, al. Jana Pawla II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland, Tel.: +48-12-3743238, Fax: +48-12-3743238

Acknowledgement

This paper is a revised and extended version of a contribution presented at the 11th International Symposium on Measurement and Quality Control 2013, September 11–13, 2013, Cracow-Kielce, Poland.

The reported research was realized within the confines of project no.: NR01-0048-10/2010 financed by the Polish National Center for Research and Development.

Received: 2014-12-2
Revised: 2015-4-7
Accepted: 2015-5-12
Published Online: 2015-6-8
Published in Print: 2015-6-28

©2015 Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston

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